The aim of this report is to enhance understanding, via a limited literature review, on predicting and assessing civilian resilience in times of war and crisis. This review was undertaken against a backdrop of ongoing instability and geopolitical tensions, alongside the growing proximity of war for NATO allies in Northern Europe. The findings of the review are intended to support civil servants, policy specialists and other stakeholders in predicting and assessing resilience, as well as to inform policymakers’ efforts to strengthen resilience more broadly.